ESP32 Advantages
The dual-core processor is capable of multi-threaded real-time processing; the high-speed main frequency is 240MHZ, which is much faster than the 72MHZ of STM32F1 and 168MHZ of STM32F4, and the price is much lower than the STM series which has been rising in price; it has built-in Bluetooth and Wifi, so there is no need to spend money to purchase additional modules, and the cost is even lower; the Arduino environment can be used for programming, the programming difficulty is much lower than STM32, there are many open source projects, and the development speed is very fast.

Disadvantages
The small number of pins is one of the shortcomings of ESP32 at this stage. In many product development processes, a large number of IO ports are required to detect the switch status, and a large number of pins are required to control the motor. In this case, everyone can only choose STM32.

STM32 is a 32-bit microcontroller based on the ARM architecture.

Advantages are as follows
There are many communication interfaces, such as USART, I2C, SPI, CAN, Ethernet communication, etc.; there are a large number of available GPIOs, which can control a large number of devices; there are a large number of timers, and the interrupt system is also very complete, which can realize very complex logic; multiple ADC and DAC functions can be used to read a large number of sensors, etc.; it can run real-time operating systems such as Free RTOS, RT thread, UCOS, etc., which can be used to control complex systems; it can connect SD cards, LCD screens, have camera interfaces, and can read USB functions, etc.

Disadvantages
The price of STM32 has been rising. However, the price of STM32F1 series is much lower than that of STM32F4 series. If you do not need Ethernet, camera, DACD and other functions, you can consider F1 series. 2. It is difficult to get started and it takes some time.

Smart devices developed nowadays will not just stay on the development platform, but must keep up with the times and be remotely controlled and accessed. However, it is still difficult to develop smart devices, connect cloud services, and develop mobile device programs at the same time. ESP32 also has a cloud-integrated full-link development framework. It can be said that ESP32 must have a place in the Internet of Things. Although ESP32 is small and cheap, it is still very powerful and very suitable for the current Internet of Things era. It is worth our study and exploration.